Read Time: 2 min

Indirect Taxation

September 2025

Next-Generation GST Reforms in India

Next-Generation GST Reforms: A Step Towards Atmanirbhar Bharat

On the occasion of the 79th Independence Day, Prime Minister Shri. Narendra Modi highlighted how the implementation of Goods and Services Tax (GST) in 2017 has been one of the most significant reforms that has benefited the nation. Emphasizing the importance of next-generation GST reforms, he underlined the Government’s commitment to bring relief to the common man, farmers, middle class and MSMEs while driving the vision of an ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’. The Central Government is now focusing on three key pillars structural reforms, rate rationalisation and ease of living to make GST simpler, fairer and more effective. A proposal on GST rate rationalisation and reforms has already been sent to the Group of Ministers (GoM) for examination.

The upcoming changes aim at rationalising tax rates to benefit all sections of society, especially women, students, farmers and the middle class. Additionally, reforms will address long-standing challenges such as reducing classification disputes, correcting inverted duty structures, ensuring greater rate stability and improving the overall ease of doing business. By strengthening critical sectors and fostering sectoral expansion, these measures are expected to stimulate economic growth and make India’s tax system more robust and inclusive.

Key Pillars of the Centre’s Proposed Reforms:

Pillar 1: Structural Reforms

  1. Inverted Duty Structure Correction: 
    The correction of inverted duty structures to align input and output tax rates so that there is a reduction in the accumulation of input tax credit.  This would support domestic value addition.
  2. Resolving Classification Issues: 
    Resolve classification issues to streamline rate structures, minimise disputes, simplify compliance processes and ensure greater equity and consistency across sectors.
  3. Stability and Predictability: 
    Provide long-term clarity on rates and policy direction to build industry confidence and support better business planning.

Pillar 2: Rate Rationalisation

  1. Reduction of Taxes on Common-Man Items and Aspirational Goods: 
    This would enhance affordability, boost consumption and make essential and aspirational goods more accessible to a wider population.
  2. Reduction of Slabs:
    Essentially move towards a simple tax with 2 slabs – standard and merit. Special rates only for select few items.
  3. Compensation Cess: 
    The end of compensation cess has created fiscal space, providing greater flexibility to rationalise and align tax rates within the GST framework for long-term sustainability.

Pillar 3: Ease of Living

  1. Registration: 
    Seamless, technology-driven and time-bound, especially for small businesses and startups.
  2. Return: 
    Implement pre-filled returns, thus reducing manual intervention and eliminating mismatches.
  3. Refund:
    Faster and automated processing of refunds for exporters and those with an inverted duty structure.

In the true spirit of cooperative federalism, the Centre remains committed to working closely with the States. It will be building a broad-based consensus with the States in the coming weeks, to implement the next generation of reforms as envisioned by Prime Minister Shri. Narendra Modi.

The GST Council, when it meets next, will deliberate on the recommendations of GoM and every effort will be made to facilitate early implementation so that the intended benefits are substantially realised within the current financial year.